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Wilson Philological Lectures: On Sanskrit and the Derived Languages (An Old and Rare Book)

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Item Code: NAK150
Publisher: Bhandarkar Oriental Research Institute, Pune
Author: R. G. Bhandarkar
Language: English
Edition: 1974
Pages: 406
Cover: Paperback
Other Details 9.5 inch x 6.5 inch
Weight 490 gm
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Book Description
Contents

 

Lecture I General Laws guiding the Development of Language: The different stages in the Development of Sanskrit 1-34
  Preliminary 1
  Sanskrit : its importance 3
  Phonetic decay 9
  Svasa : Nada 10
  False analogies 13
  Names of Objects 14
  Gradual disappearance of Words 16
  Three Languages of the World 17
  Three Varieties of Sanskrit 18
  Chief characteristics of Vedic Sanskrit; an example of Vedic Sanskrit 22
  Do – of Brahmana passage; its peculiarities 23
  The next stage of Sanskrit 23
  The petrified or nominal stage 24
  The nominal stage cultivated in philosophical writings 25
  Middle stage of writing : Sanskrit of Samkaracarya 26
  Change of style after samkaracarya 26
  Real style of Sanskrit 26
  Katyayana, his evidence about the Sanskrit style 27
  Conclusion that verbal form had been obsolete and participles were used in their place 30
  Places and rules in which Panini has become obsolete 32
  Conclusion from this 33
  Panini's Grammar contains the Middle Sanskrit and Katyayana's the Classical Sanskrit 34
Lecture II Pali and the Dialects of the Period 35-78
  Sanskrit corrupted in course of time 36
  Examples from Pali 37
  Phonology of the Pali Dialect – Pronouncing a Conjunct 38
  Svasa: Nada 39
  No Pali consonants omitted by Pali speakers 44
  Exceptions to the above 45
  Changes of single consonants 46
  Matra 49
  Possible influence of aliens on language modification 53
  Assimilation of Consonants a universal rule in Pali 53
  Several words, unknown to Sanskrit, but formed Sanskrit, coming into use 54
  Grammar of the pali Dialect 54
  The Noun : Masculine Nouns ending in अ 57
  Masculine Nouns in इ and उ 58
  Masculine Nouns in ऋ 58
  Masculine Nouns in a consonant 59
  Feminine Nouns 60
  Neuter Nouns 61
  Pronouns 61
  False Analogies or Generalisation : false ideas regarding some of these 64
  The Verb in Pali 65
  Terminations in Pali 66
  The Gramaar of Asoka Inscriptions : their 72
  place Examples of Asoka Inscriptions 73
  resemblance of some Inscriptions in Pali to Sanskrit 76
Lecture III The Prakrits and the Apabhramsa 79-133
  Prakrits: Vararuci's Prakrtaprakasa; Hemacandra's kosa of Desi words 79
  Dandin : his Kavyadarsa; Setubandha; Vakpatiraja; Gaudavadhakavya 80
  General rule that the dramatic person should speak languages of the country to which he is supposed to belong 83
  Later dramatists : Sahityadarpaua 83
  Points of Difference between Maharastri and Sauraseni dialects 85
  Examples of above 88
  Ms. of Gaudavadha 89
  Phonetic changes common to pali and Prakrits 90
  Phonetic changes in the Prakrits 93
  Assimilation 98
  Maharastri, Sauraseni, Magadh, Paisaci, Culika Paisci & c. 103
  The Grammar of Prakrits 105
  Masculine Nouns in अ in Prakrits 106
  Masculine Nouns in इ and उ Prakrits 106
  Masculine Nouns in ऋ in Prakrits 107
  Masculine None in अन , अत, (pres, Parti), वत, मत &c. 107
  Feminine and Neuter Nouns in prakrits 108
  Pronouns in Prakrits 108
  The prakrit Verb 112
  Conjugations 112
  Sadhyavastha and Siddhavastha dialects 116
  Thadbhava, Tatsama and Desya Words; their definitions 120
  Some Desva wordbecoming Tadhavavas 121
  The Apabhamsa 122
  An illustration of Apabhramsa 123
  The Phonology of Apabhramsa 124
  Declension of Apabhramsa 125
  Nouns in अ in Apbhamsa 125
  Nouns in इ or उ in Apabhramasa 128
  Feminine Nouns in apabhramsa 128
  Pronouns in Apabhramsa 130
  The verb in the Apabhramsa 131
Lecture IV Phonology of the Vernaculars of Northern India 134-233
  Nine Principal Languages in India 135
  Nepali and Kashmiri not to be taken into account Old Hindi written in two dialects ; Difference between them 135
  Old Hindi Written in two dialects Difference between them 136
  Eight Principal Dialects in Northern India, instances of them 137
  Words derived from Sanskrit from the eight Dialects 141
  Distinction between the Vocabulary of the Vernaculars of N. India. 147
  Distinction between modern Tatsamas, Sanskrit & c. 148
  Three classes of Prakrit and newly constructed words 149
  Tracing the Vernaculars from Pali and prakrits 150
  Accent in Modern Vernaculars 172
  The suffix ka in Panini's time to indicate littleness & c. 180
  The original and Derivative Accents in the Vernaculars 182
  Accent in the Hindi 184
  Exceptions to the Above 185
  Accent in Gujarati 186
  Accent in Panjabi 186
  Accent in Sindhi 186
  Accent in Bengali and Oriya 186
  Accent on Vernacular Terminations 187
  Accent in Vernacular Compounds 187
  Avoiding of the Hiatus in the Vernaculars 188
  Consonantal changes in the Vernaculars 191
  Interchangeableness of certain Consonants 200
  Va of the Causal Terminations in the Vernaculars 207
  Treatment of Sanskrit Conjuncts in the Vernaculars 221
  Dentals changed to Palatals 225
  Assimilation of Members of Conjuncts 231
Lecture V Remnants of the Older Grammatical Forms in the Northern Vernaculars 234 - 271
  Case terminations in the Vernaculars 234
  Pronouns in the Vernaculars 234
  Personal Pronouns in the Vernaculars 239
  Case terminations in the Vernaculars 240
  Verb in the Vernaculars 241
  Verbal Terminations: The Present 242
  Verbal Terminations: The Imperative 247
  Verbal Terminations: the Future 253
  The past tense in the Vernaculars 255
  The past Participle 255
  The Present Participle in the Vernaculars 260
  The Absolutive in the Vernaculars 261
  Infinitive of Purpose in the Vernaculars 262
  Potential participle in the Vernaculars 262
  Passive in Participle in the Vernaculars 263
  Causal in Participle in the Vernaculars 264
Lecture VI New Grammatical Formations in the Northern Vernaculars 272-317
  The oblique forms 273
  The oblique form in the Marathi : Five ways of taking the Obsolete forms in Marathi 273
  The Oblique forms of Sindhi 275
  The Oblique forms of Punjabi 276
  The Oblique forms of Hindi 276
  The Oblique forms of Gujarati 276
  Absence of Oblique from in Bengali and Oriya 278
  Nature of the Oblique form 279
  Analysis of the Marathi Oblique Form 280
  Analysis of the Sindhi Oblique forms 281
  Hindi and Punjabi Oblique forms 281
  New Terminations in the Vernaculars 285
  Origin of ka in the Vernacular Terminations 286
  Origin of Sa in the Vernacular Terminaions 292
  The verbal forms 305
  The Future Tense 313
Lecture VII Relations between Sanskrit, Pali, the Prakrits and the Modern Vernaculars 318-350
  The Vedic dialect lost a good deal of its words: "Middle Sanskrit" 318
  Pali the Sacred language of the Southern Buddhists 318
  Not great difference in the dialect: Prakrits coming into importance 319
  Certain scholars holding that the Prakrits were an artificiality; its refutation 319
  The present practice of Desastha Brahmanas 320
  Prakrits became literary and dead dialects like Sanskrit 322
  Were there various dialects in the Vedic times? 322
  Many uneducated persons using wrong English: instances 325
  The theory is utterly untenable; contemporaneous development of Sanskrit and Prakrits an impossibility 329
  Other objections – their refutation 330
  Positive evidence that Sanskrit was a spoken language the evidence of Yaska 332
  Panini and patanjali 332
  Sanskrit Grammar the best in the world 334
  Sanskrit Compounds in the language later writer using rather too many Sanskrit Compounds 335
  Traces of Sanskrit expressions showing that Sanskrit in colloquial use once existed 336
  Sanskrit was not the only language in the time of Katyayana and Patanjali; instances 337
  Patanjali's evidence 338
  Who were the Sistas without learning Panini's Grammar 341
  Characters in plays – Males and Females 345
  Sanskrit losing ground – after some times 345
  Chronology and historical changes of the same 347
  Pali people a foreign race? 347
  Pali continuing for a long time as the mother tongue 347
  Times of Asoka 348
  Dates of Panini, katyayana and Patanjali 349
  Prakrits coming into importance in the early centuries of the Christian era 350
  Apabhramsa in the sixth or seventh century; Dandin kalidasa 350
  Modern Vernaculars appearing about the tenth century, a Copper – plate Inscriptions of 1206 A.D. 350
  Author's Farewell 350
  List of Abbreviations 351
Index I General Index 353
Index II Index of Archaic and Obsolete Sanskrit Words 360
Index III Index of Mythological Names 361
Index IV Index of Ancient Writers and Works 362
Index V Index of Modern Scholars 366
Index VI Index of Sanskrit and other Words 369-400

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