Re-Evaluating Gandhi- How He Delayed Independence And Mainstreamed Radical Islam

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Dr. Susmit Kumar obtained his doctorate from Pennsylvania State University, US. Before coming to the United States, he was selected in the prestigious India Administrative Service (IAS). He is author of five books, including The Modernization of Islam and the Creation of a Multipolar World Order (2008), Casino Capitalism: The Collapse of the US Economy and the Transition to Secular Democracy in the Middle East (2012), and India is a Country, not a Company: How Anglo-US 'Imported' Economists Misled and Mismanaged the Indian Economy (2018). In a 1995 article, published in Global Times, Denmark, he predicted the global rise of Islamic militancy.

Thile doing the research work on internet for my 2016 book While Ananda Marga Victim of Communist Conspiracy during 1969-77, I came across two declassified papers at British National Archive website which discussed the reason behind Mahatma Gandhi launching of the 1942 Quit India Movement. He launched it only because he was afraid that the Indian National Army (INA), created and supported by the Japanese army (which had already won Burma at that time), would liberate India from British rule. As per British intelligence report Gandhi's feeling during mid-1942 was that Germany and Japan would win World War II, which would have made his name a footnote in India's history as till then he had always hushed down any talk of independence within his Congress party. In fact, his draft of the 1942 Quit India Movement favored Japan. Prior to this movement, he had launched two movements and they were not for independence from Britain. One of these two declassified papers also talked about - "... there are increasing indications. that Gandhi is abandoning his previously declared policy of refraining from embarrassing Government and is planning to lead Congress into some widespread movement with the aim of compelling the British to withdraw from India."

In my 2008 book The Modernization of Islam and the Creation of a Multipolar World Order, I had written that it was actually the World War II which caused the colonial powers to leave their colonies because after the war, they left not only India but nearly all their colonies within a decade or so. After WWII, Britain left not only India but nearly all its other holdings, including Jordan in 1946, Palestine in 1947, Sri Lanka in 1948, Myanmar in 1948, Egypt in 1952 and to Malaysia in 1957. For the same reason, France also had to grant independence to Laos in 1949 and Cambodia in 1953, and had leave Vietnam in 1954; Netherlands also left most of its colonies called Dutch East Indies, mainly Indonesia in 1949. Mid-last year I thought about writing something on Gandhi and Indian independence to extend my these works and this book is the outcome.

I take pleasure in acknowledging the generous help of Trond Overland in editing this book and Professor Raj N. Singh of Oklahoma State University for his helpful discussions in writing it. I am always thankful to my PhD advisor, late Professor Stewart K. Kurtz of Pennsylvania State University, who taught me how to do research and also how to write a research paper/article. I am grateful to my mother, who inspired and guided me in more ways than I can ever say.

**Contents and Sample Pages**