Human Rights and Tribal Society

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The word "Tribe' denotes a group of people living in primitive and ruthless conditions. These tribes are a social group living in a fixed territory having no such specialization of functions and the people living in these social groups are known as tribes or tribal people. Tribes also have several sub groups and collectively they are known as Tribal Society'. Tribes are the inhabitants of forests since pre history and even in this modern world this trend is followed by many people. Tribes constitute around 8.6 percent of the total Indian population, and of the total tribal population around 80 percent are found in Central India. Tribal women human rights all human being have the right to live as human beings. Human rights are not conferred or given. They already exist in society. The concept of human rights aims at protection of rights like right to life, liberty and property. These rights are attributed to human being irrespective of class, caste, gender, colour and religion. The universal declaration of human rights was unanimously adopted by the UN General Assembly on Dec. 10th, 1948. The preamble of Indian constitution adequately empowers the central and state government to eliminate human rights violation in the country. Human rights of tribal women are violated extremely and in peculiar form.1 So, it is important to discuss the status of tribal women and various articles made for their upliftment.

Anju Soni, Assistant Professor of Sociology at Deemed University, has been visiting Bastar for over 15 years. She is author of many books, including Science in the Service of Human Rights and Visiting Distinguished Professor of International Law and Policy.

The word "Tribe' denotes a group of people living in primitive and ruthless conditions. These tribes are a social group living in a fixed territory having no such specialization of functions and the people living in these social groups are known as tribes or tribal people. Tribes also have several sub groups and collectively they are known as Tribal Society. Tribes are the inhabitants of forests since pre history and even in this modern world this trend is followed by many people. Tribes constitute around 8.6 percent of the total Indian population, and of the total tribal population around 80 percent are found in Central India.

Tribal women human rights all human being have the right to live as human beings. Human rights are not conferred or given. They already exist in society. The concept of human rights aims at protection of rights like right to life, liberty and property. These rights are attributed to human being irrespective of class, caste, gender, colour and religion. The universal declaration of human rights was unanimously adopted by the UN General Assembly on Dec. 10th, 1948. The preamble of Indian constitution adequately empowers the central and state government to eliminate human rights violation in the country. Human rights of tribal women are violated extremely and in peculiar form.1 While the legislation for the protection of the rights of tribal people are in place, they are regularly flouted as has been highlighted by the Xaxa Committee report of 2014. Instead of ensuring that tribals are not ousted from the land to which they are historically and culturally connected, the state becomes more concerned about fulfilling contractual obligations towards the private investor. This means that constitutional and legal principles are discarded. This is evidenced by the increasing number of MoUs being signed by natural resources-endowed states with investors for facilitation of developmental projects. For instance, Chhattisgarh and Jharkhand have reportedly entered into 121 and 74 such MoUs, respectively, with various private players as of 2014. All this materially alters the role of the state vis-à-vis the tribal people as the state prefers economic expediency at the cost of the rights of tribal people.

**Contents and Sample Pages**